Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have a revolutionary influence on sample generation.Maximum mean discrepancy GANs (MMD-GANs) own competitive performance when compared with other GANs.However, the loss function of MMD-GANs is an empirical estimate of maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) and not precise in measuring the distance between sample distr
Given that education is classified as a ‘high-risk’ domain under regulatory frameworks like the EU AI Act, ensuring accurate and trustworthy interpretability in educational AI applications is critical due to its profound impact on student learning and development.This study compares a knowledge-based artificial neural network (KBANN)
Plants have evolved various self-defense mechanisms against insect feeding.There are many reports regarding both direct and indirect defense mechanisms in seed-plant.However, only direct defenses on ferns were considered and the MAGNESIUM CTRATE indirect defense mechanism has never been reported.In this study, it was observed that the fern Hypolepi
Abstract This paper presents a method to estimate the covariances of the inputs in a factor-graph formulation for localization under non-line-of-sight conditions.A general solution based on covariance estimation and M-estimators in linear regression problems, is Bush presented that is shown to give unbiased estimators of multiple variances and are
This paper shows through real-life measurement that bi-directional vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication latency can be dominated by sidelink scheduling delay when causality is not taken into account.Moreover, the large delay persists for a Medical Supplies few seconds at a time once it occurs.In applications like maneuver coordination between aut